Application of Gold Nanoparticles in Medicine and Biology

Nanotechnology is formidably powerful technology. Nanoparticles are the simplest form of structures with sizes within the nanometer (nm) range. The US National Nanotechnology Initiative defined the nanoscale is a range from 1 to 100 nm, in this range particles are included which are naturally occurring, such as smoke particles, volcanic ash, sea spray, and from anthropogenic sources. Nanotechnology proposals unique styles to review a variety of medical and biological methods that occur at nanometer scales, and is anticipated to own a revolutionary impact on biology and medication. Among the approaches for exploiting nanotechnology in medicine, nanoparticles offer some unique advantages as image enhancement, delivery agents and sensing. Many styles of nanoparticles with biomedical relevance are available including, liposomes, quantum dots, polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers, metal nanoparticles, nanoassemblies and micelles. To additional the applying of nanoparticles in therapy and disease diagnosis, it is important that the systems are biocompatible and capable of being functionalized for recognition of specific target sites within the body after systemic administration. We have explained some important applications of gold nanoparticles in this review.