Central Nervous System Effect of Efavirenz at Wangaya Hospital 2017 - 2020

Background: Efavirenz is commonly used of NNRTI that produces its antiretroviral activity by binding directly to the enzyme reverse transcriptase, thus inhibiting replication of the virus. One reason for that, efavirenz to cross the blood-brain barrier and can cause central nervous system (CNS) adverse effect. In addition, we have discussed the efavirenz CNS symptoms include dizziness, headache, insomnia, anxiety, vivid or abnormal dreams. Methodology: we conducted descriptive use medical record data from patient living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) with efavirenz theraphy at Wangaya Regional General Hospital in Bali, Indonesia during 2017-2020. We excluded PLWHA under age < 18, pregnant women, patients with documented CNS illness prior to starting EFV and those who did not give consent to participate. Results: A total of 682 samples are analyzed, 456 (66.9 %) samples with neuropsychiatric symptoms and 226 (33.1 %) samples without neuropsychiatric symptoms. Conclusion: In Conclusion, this study has shown that neuropsychiatric adverse effect event associated with efavirenz based ART had onset for the symptoms.