Femoral Neck Fracture in Pediatric Patients: A Literature Review

Introduction: Hip fractures in Pediatric are uncommon for only 1 % of all fractures in children. Almost 50 % of cases, femoral neck fractures in Pediatric result from high-velocity mechanisms. Most recommendation toward open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF). The timing of surgery has also been linked to lower complication rates of this injury is associated. The current recommendation is surgical treatment within 24 hours of the trauma. Discussion: Younger patients which the periosteum is thicker and have stronger bone, it require high energy injury to break and displace the femoral neck. Sideways impacts on the greater trochanter result in compressive loading of the femoral neck, the forces required to are lower. Surgery time has an important role yet it is not only the factor as bone quality of patients, reduction status, metabolic, rehabilitation and nutritional parameters are essential as well. Overall, good outcomes after surgery occur in up to 60 % of patients, and they are inversely linked to occurrence of osteonecrosis. Conclusion: Femoral neck fractures in Pediatric are uncommon and differ from elderly. It have a high risk of complication, the most common and serious being osteonecrosis and non-union. Complications can be minimized. Early mobilization with adequate nutrition and rehabilitation are needed to bring a good outcome for the patient.