A Retrospective Study on Maternal and Fetal Outcomes in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Complicating Pregnancy

BACKGROUND: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is defined as carbohydrate intolerance of variable degree with onset or first recognition during pregnancy. Indian women have high prevalence of diabetes and increased risk of GDM and associated complications. AIM: The present study was undertaken to determine the maternal and foetal outcomes in GDM complicating pregnancy. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of the data of GDM complicating pregnancies from the records of Government Maternity Hospital, Tirupati, from June 2019 to November 2019. RESULTS: During the study period, 68 GDM women were identified. Pregnancy induced hypertension was associated with 38.5% of GDM women. Most patients 76.4% were controlled on diet alone. EMLSCS was done in 81% cases and the most common indication for was fetal distress (57.65%) and big baby (34.7%). CONCLUSION: Appropriate treatment of GDM with diet, oral hypoglycemic agents, or insulin to achieve euglycemia and early detection can achieve near-normal maternal and neonatal outcome.