Dominance in the Narrative Coronavirus (COVID-19) Infection: A Review Article

Highlights: a) COVID -19 cases now confirmed in multiple countries. b) Assessed the prevalence of comorbidities in infected patients. c) Comorbidities are risk factors for severe patients compare with Non-severe. d) Help the health sector guide vulnerable populations and assess the risk of deterioration. Background: An outbreak of Novel Coronavirus (COVID -19) in Wuhan, China, the epidemic is more widespread than initially estimated, with cases now confirmed in multiple countries. Aims: The aim of the meta-analysis was to assess the prevalence of comorbidities in the COVID-19 infection patients and the risk of underlying diseases in severe patients compared to non-severe patients. Methods: A literature search was conducted using the databases PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of sciences until February 25, 2020. Risk ratio (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled using random-effects models. Results: Eight studies were included in the meta- analysis, including 46248 infected patients. The result showed the most prevalent clinical symptom was fever (913, 95 % CI 86-97 %), followed by cough (677, 95 % CI 59-76 %), fatigue (510, 95 % CI 34-68 %) and dyspnea ( 304, 95 % CI 21-40 %). The most prevalent comorbidity were hypertension (177, 95 % CI 14-22 %) and diabetes (86, 95 % CI 6-11 %), followed by cardiovascular diseases (54, 95 % CI 4-7 %) and respiratory system disease (20, 95 % CI 1-3 %). Compared with the Non-severe patient, the pooled odds ratio of hypertension, respiratory system disease, cardiovascular disease in severe patients were (OR 2.36, 95 % CI: 1.46-3.83), (OR 2.46, 95 % CI: 1.76-3.44) and (OR 3.42, 95 % CI: 1.88-6.22) respectively. Conclusion: We assessed the prevalence of comorbidities in the COVID-19 infection patients and found underlying disease, including hypertension, respiratory system disease and cardiovascular, may be a risk factor for severe patients compared with Non-severe patients.