Predictors of Outcome in Pediatric Patient Age 1month to 5 Years in Severe Pneumonia Cases (N.S.C.B.M.C.H Tertiary Care Centre)

BACKGROUND: Pneumonia is estimated to kill 410, 000 children in India every year. In India, recent estimates in under-fives suggest that 13 % of deaths and 24 % of National Burden of Disease is due to pneumonia.1. Very few studies have evaluated the predictors of mortality in children with pneumonia in developing countries.2, 3, 4 Hence, this study was planned to study predictors of mortality in children aged 1-59 months hospitalized with severe pneumonia. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to assess the factors (clinical and investigational) contributing to the mortality in Patients diagnosed with severe pneumonia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The present observational longitudinal study was carried out in a tertiary care PICU in a govt. NSCB medical college Jabalpur over a period of 1 years (Ian 2019-December 2019). Children diagnosed as severe pneumonia2 of either sex between age group 1-59 months admitted in a hospital were enrolled in the study. Demographic data, clinical details and laboratory parameters of the enrolled cases were recorded in a predesigned pretested proforma. They were followed till discharge or death. RESULTS: Mortality was observed in 11 cases and of them 4 (36.4 %) were males and 7 (63.6 %) patients were females. However test of significance (chi square test) showed no significant association between outcome and gender (p=0.89). This study showed that among clinical parameters pulse rate, SpO2, were significantly raised (63.6 %) and saturation was significantly less than90 (72.7 %) in children who succumbed to death (pless than0.05). This study observed statistically highly significant association of outcome with PaO2, haematocrit, serum sodium, glucose and abnormal Xray findings (pless than0.01).