Diagnostic Hysterolaparoscopy for Evaluation of Infertility: A Study of 140 Cases at a Tertiary Health-Care Center, Ahmedabad, Western India

Aims and Objectives: According to WHO, the prevalence of infertility is about 10 %–15 % of reproductive age couples. Our aim of this study is to assess the demographic details of the patients of infertility, the role of hysteroscopy and laparoscopy in the evaluation of female anatomical etiology of infertility and the therapeutic role of these endoscopic modalities to correct anatomical pathology responsible for female infertility. Material and Method: This retrospective computer based data analysis of 140 cases of female infertility was conducted at Sheth V. S. General and Sheth C. M. Hospital, Smt. N. H. L Municipal Medical College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India from January 2015 to December 2018. Women aged 19-45 years with normal hormone profile without male factor infertility were included. Results Out of 140 cases, 92 (65.7 %) patients had primary infertility. While laparoscopy detected abnormalities in 62.9 % of the cases, significant hysteroscopy findings were noted in 18.6 % of cases. While the most common laparoscopic abnormality was adnexal adhesion (17.1 %), hysteroscopy synechiae as the most common abnormality in both groups. Conclusion: Hysterolaparoscopy is an effective diagnostic tool for evaluation of certain significant and correctable tubo-peritoneal and intrauterine pathologies like peritoneal endometriosis, adnexal adhesions, and subseptate uterus, which are usually missed by other imaging modalities. It has proved to be diagnostic as well as therapeutic procedure for female pelvic pathologies responsible for infertility.