A Study of Hematological Parameters along with CD 4, CD 8, CD 19 and CD16+CD 56 Lymphocyte Counts in COVID-19 Positive Patients

Introduction: Coronavirus disease (COVID19) is a novel disease with world wide spread and varied clinical presentation. Studies are required to understand the pathogenesis of the virus and diagnostic parameters useful in diagnosing and predicting the prognosis of the disease. Aims& Objectives: Our Aim was to evaluate various hematological parameters in patients with mild and moderate/severe disease. Materials& Methods: COVID19 positive patients are grouped into mild and moderate/severe categories based on the symptoms. Their blood samples were analysed for TWBC, ANC, ALC, RNC, RLC, PLT, CD4, CD 8, CD19 and CD56 cell counts and statistically analysed for P value. Results: A total of 100 patients, 50 mild and 50 with severe symptoms were included in the study. Severe cases had lymphocytopenia with reduced CD4 and CD56 counts. TWBC, ANC, ALC, RNC, RLC, CD4, andCD16+CD56 counts showed significant P value. whereas PLT, CD8 and CD19 were not significant. Conclusion: COVID19 impairs immune system by reducing the lymphocyte counts This effect is more in severe cases causing tissue damage. Diagnosing the disease at an early stage would help in early intervention and better recovery of the patients. Hence the above hematological parameters can be prognostic indicators of COVID19 positive patients.