Clinicopathological Evaluation of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding and its Management in a Tertiary Care Centre

Menstrual disturbance is one of the most common gynecological problem especially in the perimenopausal age group. During reproductive age group, about 9-30 % of women suffer from abnormal uterine bleeding and its incidence increases as the age advances. There are wide range of causes of AUB and identification of causative factor is the key to successful clinical management. For treatment of AUB hormonal therapy has become the mainstay of treatment. The objective of our study is to study the clinicopathological evaluation and management of AUB. Methods: This was a prospective study done on patients presenting with AUB. This study was carried out from November 2018 to November 2019 in S. M. G. S hospital, GMC Jammu. All the outdoor and indoor patients presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding were taken. The patients who were pregnant and have bleeding were excluded from the study. Patients who were selected subjected to complete history, clinical examination, laboratory investigation and ultrasonography. Other investigations in the form of hysteroscopy and laparoscopy was also done in some selected patients. Specimen for biopsy was collected and then sent for histopathological study. Finally treatment according to the cause was given. The age, parity and bleeding pattern were noted and clinical diagnosis along with findings on ultrasonography, hysteroscopy, laparoscopy and histopathology were analyzed. Results: A total of 89 cases with age group ranging from 20-70 years were included in the study. Most of the patients were seen in the age group of 41-50 (41.57 %) with heavy menstrual bleeding being the main presenting complaint. It was observed that dysfunctional uterine bleeding was the most common cause in age group of 40-50 years but endometrial carcinoma was the main cause of bleeding above the age of 50 years indicating increased occurrence of malignancy with advancing age. Conclusion: Although the incidence of benign lesions are more in cases of AUB poss