Bronchiectasis, Causes, Pathogenesis,Clinical Manifestations and Update Management

Bronchiectasis is a recognized congenital and acquired lung condition. The congenital entity is unavoidable while the acquired type could be prevented by complete childhood immunization against bacterial and viral infections. Early diagnosis of chest infections and prompt antibiotic treatment to prevent complications like lung abscess or bronchiectasis. Once there is the development and established bronchiectasis, it is irreversible. Management is with antibiotics, postural drainage, mucolytics, and supportive nebulized bronchodilators. Radio-imaging is an important tool for diagnosing bronchiectasis including CT-scan Chest. Progression or response to treatment is gauged with radio-imaging especially serial chest x-rays, but alternatively, the clinical wellbeing of the patient can be gauged with decreasing volume of sputum expectorated per 24 hours.