A Study of Serum Magnesium Level in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Relation to Its Micro Vascular and Macro Vascular Complications

Background& Objectives: Magnesium deficiency has been proposed as a novel factor implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. Hypomagnesaemia can be both a consequence and a cause of diabetic complications. The aim of our study was to know the relationship between magnesium levels and diabetes and also note its association with the complications of diabetes. Methods: This study was undertaken in National Institute Of Medical Science and Research Hospital, Jaipur from January 2017 to June 2018. A total of 150 cases of type-2 diabetes mellitus were taken for the study after satisfying the inclusion and exclusion criteria.150 non diabetic patients were taken as controls. All the patients were evaluated in detail and serum magnesium levels were estimated using calmagite method. Results: The serum magnesium levels among cases and controls were 1.670.37 mg/dl and 2.030.25 mg/dl respectively. The mean serum magnesium levels in patients with diabetic retinopathy were 1.690.27 mg/dl which is significantly lower as compared to other complications of diabetes mellitus. Interpretation and Conclusion: There was significant reduction in serum magnesium levels in diabetics compared to the controls. The levels of magnesium were found to be lower in uncontrolled diabetic cases, cases with long standing diabetes and insulin treated diabetic cases. Hypomagnesaemia is significant with presence of retinopathy as a complication in diabetics.