The Clinical Profile of Patients Presenting with Seizure in Emergency Department

Background: A seizure is an abnormal electrical discharge that occurs in your brain. Usually brain cells or neurons, flow in an organized fashion along the surface of the brain, then a seizure occurs when there is an excess of electrical activity in the brain. Seizures can cause symptoms such as muscle spasms, limb twitches, and loss of consciousness also can be fatal at times if not intervened immediately. Objective: This study was designed to study the commonest age group of people presented to the emergency department with the signs and symptoms of seizure, along with the commonest cause behind the seizure activity among those common group of people. Methods: This is a prospective observational study done on 150 patients with seizure episodes who visited the Emergency Department of Amrita Institute of Medical sciences, Cochin from July 2017 to December 2017. Results: Out of 150 patients included in the study, 59 % were males and 41 % were females. Majority of them were in the age group of 0-12 years. Data analysis showed that among the 0-12 years age group were presented with breakthrough seizures (46.7 %) and with fever (29.3 %) as the common cause. Conclusion: The present study analysed the clinical profile of patients presenting with seizure in the emergency department, in which seizure has become one of the most common neurologic emergency among the pediatric age group. It has been found that the most common causes with seizure were fever, followed by seizures with unknown cause of origin.