Review on New Plant Breeding Techniques

New plant breeding techniques are developed rapidly during the last decade due to advancements in genomic research, and play a crucial role in crop improvement. It is possible to accomplish targeted genome modifications in plants precisely, which was not possible though conventional breeding methods. These are potentially significant for the economical benefits in agriculture and food security. Techniques such as Cisgenics, Agroinfiltration and Oligonucleotide directed DNA Methylation are widely implemented and are in commercial development phase while techniques like Reverse Breeding, Zinc Finger nuclease, Grafting on GM root stock and RNA dependent DNA methylation are still at research level. Recent studies show the significant possibilities for improved crop varieties that are developed by various genome-editing techniques are difficult to obtain through traditional breeding methods. As compared to traditional breeding methods like chemical- or radiation-induced mutagenesis, used for crop improvement, the new breeding techniques are more precise and do not create multiple, unknown, unintentional mutations throughout the genome. The ambiguity in the regulatory frameworks of many countries is a major concern to be reviewed and addressed.