A Review Paper on Land Utilization and Transport Interaction

The road network in many countries are not well designed which leads to many traffic problems, mainly traffic congestion. In order to avoid such traffic problems and have a smooth traffic flow properly designed networks should be adapted for both public and private vehicles for an ideal modal share between them. The network design problem is one of the most significant problem faced by traffic management official. This transportation problem belongs to the class of difficult combinatorial optimization problem, whose optimal solution cannot be found by available analytical method, but swarm intelligence could provide feasible solution. The swarm algorithm is a stochastic, random-search technique that belongs to multi-agent algorithms. Swarm intelligence, inspired by behavior of insects, is a name given to a new set of nature-inspired computing paradigms which are being successfully applied to optimization problems in a variety of field. Social insect colonics show that very simple organisms can form system capable to performing high complex tasks by dynamically interacting with each other. Swarm intelligence (SI) can be used to model complex traffic and transportation processes, which can be successfully analyzed by analytical models. The concept of agent-based modeling is applied to problems of complex behavioral pattern, this approach based on the idea that a system is composed of discrete individuals and each individual interacts with others according to localized knowledge and with the aggregation of the individual interactions, the overall image of the system emerges. The primary goal of this paper is to acquaint readers with the basic principles of Swarm Intelligence and its uses in network design problems of transportation. The paper also presents a various branches of Swarm Intelligence.