Phenotypical Detection of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamases Producing Escherichia coli, from Clinical Isolates in Riyadh Region, Al-Kharj City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Background and objective: the aim of the present study was to identify the phenotypical detection of extended spectrum beta-lactamases, (ESBL) Phenomenon among Escherichia coli isolated from clinical samples in King Khalid Hospital and Price Sultan Center, Alkharj City, Riyadh Region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Method: A total of 174 isolates of Escherichia coli were isolated by standard microbiological method, and identified by BD Phoenix system ( Becton Dickinson, USA), full automated microbiological machine confirmed by API 20 E ( BioMrieux, Marcy LEtoile, France). the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the isolates was determined by BD Phoenix system confirmed by E. test ( Epsilometer test), (Oxioid, UK) according to CLSI guideline (2008). The Extended spectrum beta- lactamases (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli were screened by BD Phoenix system confirmed by double disk diffusion method. p- value less than 0.05 was counted as statistically significant. Result: more than forty two percent was found to be positive for ESBL producers and 57.5 % as non-ESBL producers, urine samples were the most frequent in this study, males were more prevalent to ESBL producers than females, high resistant of ESBL producers was observed among different family of antibiotics including, pipracillin (76.3 %), ampicillin (76.3 %), tetracycline (62.7 %), ceftriaxone (60.0 %), cefuroxime (55.0 %), trimethoprime / sulphamexazole (54.8 %), azitronam (54.1 %) and amoxicillin / Clavulanic acid (53.6 %). Meropenes, imipenem, amikacin and tigycyline were the most active against ESBL producers. Conclusion: The prevalence of ESBL producers in this study was high compared with others studies performed in Saudi Arabia, so it requires sound infection control measures, antimicrobial management and measures to detect and control their spread should be considered.