The Prevalence of Malocclusion and the Need for Orthodontic Treatment among Adolescents of the Eastern UP Region of India: An Epidemiological Study

This study has been done to determine the prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need among 12 to 16 years old school going adolescents using the dental health component (DHC) of the index of orthodontic treatment need (IOTN). A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1876 school going adolescents of 12 to 16 years age group. Data collection using random selection of sample has been obtained from different schools situated in rural and urban areas of different districts of eastern UP India. The data were recorded in assessment forms to calculate the prevalence of malocclusion and estimate of DHC of the IOTN index. Out of 1876 subjects, most common occlusions in order of prevalence were Angle�s Class I (85.2 %), Angle�s Class II (11.6 %), Angle�s Class III (3.3 %), crowding (26.5 %), excessive overjet (greater than 2 mm-37.8 %), excessive overbite (greater than 2 mm-52.9 %), edge to edge bite (4.1 %), anterior crossbite (2.2 %). The most common facial profiles determined in the sagittal plane were the straight facial profile (61.2 %). The prevalence of Grade 1 and 2 DHC was 57.6 %, Grade 3 was 22.4 %, Grade 4 and 5 was 20 %.