A Review on Inflammatory Bowel Disease and their Treatment

Inflammatory Bowel Disease is characterised by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract and affect patient�s quality of life. Treatment of IBD involves induction and maintenance of remission. Current available therapies include anti-inflammatory, amino salicylate, corticosteroids, immunosuppressive agent, antibiotics, and biological agent are available. Oxidative stress could be a major contributing factor to the tissue injury and fibrosis that characterised Crohn�s disease. Decreased blood level of vitamin C and E and decreased intestinal mucosal levels of CuZn superoxide dismutase, glutathione, vitamin A, C, E and -carotene have been reported for Crohn�s patients. The reduction of brush border enzymes with normal cytoplasmic enzyme in the presence of abnormal morphometry is further evidence of concept of Crohn�s disease as a diffuse lesion of the gastrointestinal tract. There has been considerable research in the colonic delivery system and targeting has been achieved by several ways. The primary approach to the colonic delivery of the drug include prodrugs, coating with pH sensitive and time dependant polymers. Eudragit L-100 and Eudragit S-100 are used as an enteric coating material to keep the multi-particulate intact and to release the drug in stomach and upper intestine and produce local and systemic drug effect at the site of colon.