Dental Public Health Reports on Periodontal Response to Electronic Cigarettes Vaping: A Literature Review

The use of e-cigarettes has increased worldwide nowadays, and so is the need of awareness of the pathogenic changes in the periodontium it causes. Due to the anti-proliferative properties of nicotine, the fibroblasts� differentiation is impeded. This leads to periodontitis and other harmful effects on the periodontal ligament. The flavorings, heavy metals, metal particles and other chemicals in the electronic cigarette aerosol, such as reactive oxygen species, aldehydes and carbonyls, lead to inflammation, protein carbonylation of the extracellular matrix and DNA damage. Further research is required in order to prevent oral disease by administering safety regulations and promote oral health by informing the society about the possible adverse effects of electronic cigarettes vaping.