Dynamic Modeling, Design and Simulation of A Wind / Solar / Fuel Cell / Ultra-Capacitor Based Hybrid Power Generation System

This paper discusses the dynamic modeling and simulation of a small wind-photovoltaic-fuel cell-ultracapacitor hybrid energy system. This hybrid system contains a wind turbine, a photovoltaic, a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), an ultra-capacitor, an electrolyzer, controllers and a power converter that is simulated using MATLAB. This hybrid system is completely stand-alone, reliable and has high efficiency. In order to minimize abrupt changes in voltage magnitude ultra-capacitors are used. Power converters and inverters are used to produce an ac output power of 9KW to grid. Control scheme of fuel-cell flow controller and voltage regulators are based on fuzzy and neuro fuzzy controllers. Dynamic responses of the system for a step change in the electrical load and wind speed are represented. The observations for various input conditions shows that the system can withstand any abrupt variations.