Risks and Complications of Coronary Angiography and Other Percutaneous Intervention: A Comprehensive Review with Data of Single High Volume Center

Coronary angiography and heart catheterization are invaluable tests for the detection and quantification of coronary artery disease, identification of valvular and other structural abnormalities, and measurement of hemodynamic parameters. The risks and complications associated with these procedures relate to the patients concomitant conditions and to the skill and judgment of the operator. In this review, we examine in detail the major complications associated with invasive cardiac procedures and provide the reader with a comprehensive bibliography for advanced reading. We also report one case of zorbi wire fracture during BMV, very rare.