Etiology of Hearing Impairment in Children

Hearing impairment substantially affects childs ability to normally acquire the spoken language. Hearing represents the main source for acquisition of language and speaking skills in childhood. In the first months of life, the hearing impaired child is deprived of sound stimulation in the most important period of development, and consequently, might present emotional, social and linguistic disorders. Therefore, it is of utmost relevance to learn about the main etiological factors that cause the auditory damage to trace a reliable nosological profile, and to take the appropriate measures to prevent and guide the family on the repercussions of hearing impairment in childhood. Aim To study the Etiology of hearing impairment for hearing impaired childrens. Methodology An interviews, speech, examination and hearing screening and analyses of medical charts of 60 hearing impaired children was done trying to define etiology, gender distribution, age at diagnosis, level of hearing loss Results Among the 60 children and adolescents who had undergone speech and hearing screening, we select a sample of 45 subjects, whose parents had come for multiple sessions of anamnesis and assessment. The main responsible etiological factor for hearing loss in the evaluated population was pyogenic meningitis (31 %), idiopathic cause (22 %), prematurity (18 %), heredity (9 %) maternal rubella (7 %), neonatal jaundice (7 %) and chronic otitis media, measles, and ototoxicity (7 %). Conclusion The present study demonstrated the causes of hearing impairment, and its main causes. And there is a need of appropriate hearing screening protocol and program in every setting and preventive measures must be taken to promote health care.