Vibroseis or Vibrators - Effective Seismic Energy Source in Northern Nigeria and Niger Republic Petroleum Exploration

Vibroseis or vibrators are seismic trucks used in the generation of force that transmits seismic wave to the earth. The transmitted seismic waves are described as sweeps, that are recorded data from either up-sweep or down-sweep (increasing or decreasing frequency respectively) are added together and compared with the source input signals to produce a nominal seismic section. Vibroseis operation is used increasingly in land surveys of pro-desert vegetation/terrain, instead of explosive energy sources in recent years due to open door to vibroseis machines or vibrators. The output of 5 vibrators were effective energy source that vibrated into the earth, and returned signals on encountering impedance, the signals were summed together for each vibe point, and stacked together to produce the record representing a vibe point. The records were viewed to identify noisy channels for field checks and corrections. Data processing was carried out to produce the brute stack section after survey coordinates were merged into the seismic data. The resulting brute stack sections showed strong reflections interpreted as structures of layers and faults.