Assessment of Adaptation and Cultivation Methods of Three Local Varieties of Bean in Kabul Climatic Conditions

Pulses are essential for fulfilling basic human and animal needs, such as food, fodder, fiber, and energy. The main challenges of agriculture in Afghanistan are improper management, institutional policies and strategies problems, lack of researches activities, lack of funding and continuous war. Cereals and pulses are widely recognized the important elements in national economy, gross domestic product (GDP) as well as food security. The main objectives of this research were to compare the yield, yield components, morphological and agronomical characters of three types of local beans under Kabul climatic conditions. In this research three local beans with different cultivation methods (using fence and maize as stand and without stand) were studied. Based on the results, all varieties were adapted in Kabul climatic conditions but Watany Beyara Dar and Capsuly 45 Roza showed well adaptation and performed high yield than the others. Capsuly 45 Roza is a good choice for farmers with short growth period and high yield capacity. The farmers can cultivate it twice a year. Using stick or iron bars as stand for bean plants plays a useful role in increasing of the yield, which has been used in this research and the results were significant.