Dispersion and Confinement Loss Analysis of Nonlinear Square Lattice Photonic Crystal Fibers Employing Air Holes in the Cladding Region

The three main properties of PCF, namely confinement loss, dispersion, and effective area are numerically investigated using the finite element method for the four patterns of square lattice fiber. The fibers have identical structures with five air hole rings, yet the dimension and shape of the air holes of the first ring (ring near the core) differ in their structures. Circular and elliptical air holes have been used in these patterns. It is found that the low chromatic dispersion, low loss and small effective area can be obtained in the wavelength range of 1340 to 1680 nm. The nonlinear coefficient is approximately 11~ 15W-1km-1 at 1550nm wavelength.