Routing Protocols in Mobile Ad-Hoc Network?

In recent years mobile ad hoc networks have become very popular and lots of research is being done on different aspects of MANET. Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET)-a system of mobile nodes (laptops, sensors, etc.) interfacing without the assistance of centralized infrastructure (access points, bridges, etc.). There are different aspects which are taken for research like routing, synchronization, power consumption, bandwidth considerations etc. This paper concentrates on routing techniques which is the most challenging issue due to the dynamic topology of ad hoc networks. There are different strategies proposed for efficient routing which claimed to provide improved performance. There are different routing protocols proposed for MANETs which makes it quite difficult to determine which protocol is suitable for different network conditions .This paper provides an overview of different routing protocols proposed in literature and also provides a comparison between them .An ad hoc network is often defined as an “Infrastructureless” network, meaning a network without the usual routing infrastructure like fixed routers and routing backbones. A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) consists of mobile wireless nodes in which the communication between nodes is carried out without any centralized control. MANET is a self-organized and self-configurable network where the mobile nodes move arbitrarily. The mobile nodes can receive and forward packets as a router. Routing is a critical issue in MANET. Therefore focus in this paper is to compare the performance of three routing protocols DSDV, DSR and AODV for CBR traffic by varying no. of nodes in terms of packet delivery ratio, end to end delay, routing overhead and throughput. The simulation is carried out on NS2. The ad hoc nodes are mobile and the underlying communication medium is wireless. Each ad hoc node may be capable of acting as a router. It’s characterized by multihop wireless connection and frequently changing networks. we compare the performance of on-demand routing protocols for mobile ad-hoc networks are distributed cache updating for the dynamic source routing protocol(DSR) and ad hoc ondemand distance vector routing (AODV).the simulation model of the medium access control(MAC) layer is evaluating the performance of MANET protocols. DSR and AODV protocols share similar behavours. We evaluate the both on demand protocols DSR and AODV based on packet delivery ratio, packet delivery latency, mobility variation with total number of errors, packet and normalized routing overhead, end-to-end delay by varying in node density. The performance and characteristics are explained by the graph models.