Comparison of Efficiency of Different Solvents used for the Extraction of Phytochemicals from the Leaf, Seed and Stem Bark of Calotropis Procera

Phytochemicals screening were carried out on different solvent extracts of leaf, seed and stem bark of Calotropis procera to compare the efficiency of different solvents which are Ethanol, Diethyl Ether, Chloroform, Methanol, N-hexane, De ionised water, Ethyl Acetate, Acetone, Petroleum Ether and Isopropanol. Qualitative analyses of twelve secondary metabolites (alkaloid, saponin, flavonoid, terpenoid, glycosides, tannin, phenolic compounds, carbohydrate, amino acid, quinines, oxalate and sterol) were carried out. The results showed that eleven (alkaloid, saponin, flavonoid, terpenoid, glycosides, tannin, phenolic compounds, carbohydrate, amino acid, quinines and oxalate) of the twelve analyzed were present in stem bark, ten phytochemicals (alkaloid, saponin, flavonoid, terpenoid, glycosides, phenolic compounds, carbohydrate, amino acid, quinines and sterol) were present in the seed while all the twelve metabolites were present in the leaf. Generally, water proved to be most effective as it was able to extract numbers of phytochemicals. The presence of various phytochemical further established the previous findings that parts of calotropis procera are good sources of therapeutical compounds.