Optimization of Energy Utilization in Thermal Power Plant by Exergy Analysis of Boiler and Turbine

power generation industry plays the major role in the economic growth of any country. Now 80 % of total electricity in the world is approximately produced from fossil fuels (coal, petroleum, fuel-oil, natural gas) fired thermal power plants. By understanding the worlds energy resources are limited, many country have revaluated their polices and are taking measures for eliminating the waste. The increasing demand of power has made the power plants of scientific interest, but most of the power plants are designed by the energetic performance which is based on first law of thermodynamics only. This paper presents the exergy and energy analysis of a unit of 600MW of kalisindh super thermal power plant. This is designed on the first law of thermodynamics approach which does not differentiate between the quality and quantity of energy, so exergy analysis of the plant components (boiler, turbine, condenser, pump) are also carried out. This analysis provides a quantitative measure of the quality of the energy in terms of its ability to perform work. The losses at various components are calculated using the energy and exergy balance equation. By this analysis we find out the actual losses and this helps to improve the plant efficiency.