Rank-Based Routing under Blind Information for Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Networks

The concept of opportunistic dynamic spectrum access or the cognitive radio emerged as a result of tremendous increase in the demand for wireless connectivity. In wireless networks, control information is usually carried through a common channel. But in a cognitive radio ad hoc network, secondary users can use only the channels that are not used by primary users. Therefore it is not possible to have a common channel for all nodes in the network. Also, multiple broadcasting of control messages may cause channel congestion and packet collisions. Routing packets without considering budget constraints degrades the overall network performance. Users may not receive the expected Quality of Service (QoS). They may also suffer from heavy monetary loss. In order to tackle the above problems, this paper introduces a server known as the Secondary Service Provider (SSP) with a rank-based routing algorithm. It stores and coordinates control information from different nodes. It optimally distributes the traffic over the spectrum bands based on budget constraints. The system is matched to practical scenarios by the inclusion of blind information. Simulation results prove that throughput and packet delivery fraction have increased considerably well with the use of SSPs. It has also reduced the end-to-end delay.