Dead Time Compensation in Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger System Using Smith Predictor

The main purpose of heat exchanger is to maintain specific temperature conditions, which is achieved by controlling the exit temperature of the process fluid. Among wide variety of heat exchangers, Shell and Tube heat exchangers are used in first hand because of well established procedures for design and manufacture from a wide variety of materials, many years of satisfactory service, availability of codes and standards for design and fabrication and can sustain wide range of temperature and pressure. The problem of Dead Time in heat exchanger is an everlasting problem which is of primary importance in process control. Dead-time compensators can be used to improve the closed-loop performance of classical controllers (PI or PID controllers) for processes with delay. The Smith Predictor, was the first dead-time compensation structure used to improve the performance of the classical controllers and became the most known and used algorithm to compensate dead time in the industry.