Nanomaterials: A Measure for Air Pollutant Remedial Technologies

Latest research trends are coming out more on the nanomaterials based on polymer which are extensively applied in the active areas of energy storage and their conversions pharmacology, bio clinical areas, drug designing, drug delivery systems, environmental remediation, etc. This paper emphasizes more on the recent research developments in the application of nanomaterials for air cleaning remedies, specific adsorption mechanisms, improvements, control of toxicity and various techniques to control the hazardous pollutants present in the environment. Quick and rapid environmental monitoring of hazardous pollutants like pathogens, explosives, heavy metals, pesticides and insecticides can be extensively done by differently designed electrochemical sensors that incorporate biocompatible biomolecules like enzymes, antibodies, aptamers etc as recognition elements for designing of simple, low cost, compact, efficient biosensors. Nanoparticles have various special significant features like surface effects, size effects, quantum effects etc and exhibit much better performances than the conventional materials. Thus nanoparticles can be applied for various surface active adsorbant devices which can trap toxic gases and metals in the environment. Novel biohybrid nanomaterials had great potential as efficient and effective novel antimicrobial agents with high biocompatibility. Designing of hybrid nanocomposites by the conjugation of the natural and synthetic polymers with certain active elements like Ti, V etc creates certain advanced materials with the desired (tailored) properties, functions and applications. Control and minimization on the particulate pollutants in the air which is growing tremendously with the rapid increase in the technologies and industries leading to so many chronic diseases and various the health hazards has been studied. Specifically functionalized and designed nanomaterials has the great potential to treat particulate toxic pollutants and can offer many advantages and various methodologies to improve existing environmental pollution remediation technologies that is better than current technologies.