Wireless Sensor Network: Architecture, Design Issues and Applications

Wireless sensor networks is composed of large number of nodes that have capabilities to sense their surroundings, perform computations and communicate wirelessly to their neighbor nodes and base station. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are one of the most interesting research areas and have become very popular technology. This paper surveys the architecture of WSNs according to the OSI model that having five layers and three cross planes or layers. WSN designing become more complex due to characteristics of computation, deploying nodes, coverage. This paper also represents various applications of WSNs.