A Physicochemical, Bacteriological and Molecular Evaluation State of the Coast of Ain Sebaa-Zenata in Morocco

In Morocco, The Atlantic littoral focuses on the majority of economic activities which creates an important phenomenon of coastal development. It records an average density of 162 inhabitants / km2 between Kenitra and the big city of Casablanca [1]. The coast of Casablanca is a national wealth and remains the Moroccan industrial region by excellence thanks to its port, the main economic core of the kingdom. However, there are [at this coastal strip] several sanitary sewers from urban agglameration and industrial units of Ain Sebaa-Zenata, which pose a threat to the health of bathers [2]. The spatio-temporal study we have conducted, through bacteriological contaminants and chemicals research, is a contribution to the evaluation of the physico-chemical, bacteriological and molecular state of the bathing beach water of Ain Sebaa-Zenata. The study, by conventional techniques has been focused on three sites I, II and III while the molecular analysis by PCR (Polymersae Chain Reaction) was performed only on two locations II and III during sampling frame. The results obtained by the conventional techniques have shown the existence of physico-chemical and biological indicators which are oriented to bacterial contamination by germs in the conventional sites I, II and III while the molecular study has been able to detect the presence of pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella Typhimurium in the II and the III site, which were put under the microscope. These parameters were compared to the national and international standards governing the quality of bathing water. According to these standards, it was found out that the physico-chemical, bacteriological and molecular state of the water, from the three sites, which was studied is not compliant with the international bathing standards.