THE HISTORY AND CLASIFICATION OF GROTESQUE IN LITERATURE

The ancient history of grotesque makes its place even more valuable and important in literature and art. Although the concept of grotesque has been used as a separate artistic term since the 15th century, we find grotesque creatures in the literature in ancient Greek and Roman mythology. Monsters with a strange appearance, with unusual body structures, are considered to be the first grotesque appearance and the most obvious example of grotesque. Under the influence of mythology, the concept of grotesque first found its most beautiful expression in sculpture and painting, which are important areas of art. Over time, people became more and more interested in grotesque sculptures and paintings, creating different types and classifying them stylistically. During the Renaissance, along with art, grotesque began to be widely used in written literature. Prominent poets and writers of the Renaissance of Italian and French literature, using sharp grotesque images, were able to both amaze readers and exaggerate and sharply criticize existing negative characters. Although the grotesque used during the Renaissance seemed more unrealistic, over time writers brought new forms of it to the literature. The grotesque figures used in modern literature are described more closely to reality. The classification of grotesque is described in detail in the article.