THE IMPORTANCE OF AUTONOMY FOR THE MODERN UNIVERSITIES DEVELOPMENT: EUROPEAN AND AMERICAN CONTEXT

The article reveals the American and European context of university autonomy as a guiding principle of the functioning of higher education establishments; the specifics of American and European models of self-government of higher education establishments are shown. The importance of combining traditional academic values with new principles of efficiency, competitiveness, quality in higher education is emphasized. Academic freedoms are highlighted as one of the most important components of autonomy (freedom of scientific research and publication of their results, freedom to discuss educational material, freedom from institutional censorship and discipline, tolerance for other people's opinions). Emphasis is placed on the role of the university's responsibility to higher education students, society and the state. The issues of modern higher education establishments are represented.