Uropathogens and the Common Resistance Mechanisms using Vitek 2 System: A Retrospective Study in North Goa District Hospital

This study was performed to determine the prevalence of various pathogens in cases of urinary tract infection at North Goa district hospital, to study the resistance pattern and resistant phenotypes of the organisms. Study was conducted in the microbiology laboratory on 662 urine samples from inpatient and outpatient departments of North Goa district hospital. Fully automated Vitek 2 compact System was used in identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the causative organism. Of 662 samples received, 68 urine samples (10.2%) were found to show growth of pathogens responsible for UTI. Most frequently isolated bacteria were Escherichia coli (70%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (17.5%), Proteus species (5%), Enterobacter cloacae (5%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2.5%). Antibiotic resistance was commonly observed in ampicillin (80.8%), ticarcillin (75.8%) cefalotin (68.2%), ceftriaxone (57.4%), ciprofloxacin 54%), amoxy clav (48.5%), levofloxacin (42.7%).52.9% of the isolates were ESBL producers. Phenotypic expression of 2 to 3 types of resistance mechanisms were recorded in 42% of the isolates. CTX - M type was the most common type of ESBL expressed. The study shows that automated system like VITEK 2 helps in early reporting and detection of resistance mechanisms with proper identification of organisms causing UTI and stresses on reducing the emergence of antibiotic resistance.