Laboratory Examination SARS Cov2

Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID 19) is a novel disease which caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS Cov2). The virus morphology is a spherical virus with envelope (outer layer), membrane, and nucleocapsid. It also has protrusion on the surface called spike. It will make a bond with receptor Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) in surface of the host cells. The genetic materials of SARS Covid 19 is single stranded ribonucleic acid which has positive sense characteristic. It consists of many open reading frame (ORF) which contains envelope gen (E), membrane (M), spike (S), nucleocapsid (N), RNA - dependant RNA polymerase (RDRP), and Helicase (Hel). The gold standard of laboratory detection of covid 19 is genetic material detection. Two specific genes target is required to make diagnosis of SARS Cov2. The most specific genes are gene RdRP and gene N for amplification target. Detection using of antigen and antibody of SARS Cov2 needs adequate knowledge about disease timeline and serology marker of SARS Cov2. Antigen testing needs adequate viral load to produce reactive result. Antibody testing needs ? 10 - 14 days after emerging of symptoms to produce reactive result.