Correlation between Risk Factors with Dysphonia on Elementary School Teachers in Lhoknga District

Dysphonia is a disorder characterized by changes in vocal quality, pitch, loudness or vocal effort that may interfere with communication and reduce a person's quality of life. Prolonged use of voice in professional working groups such as teachers, singers and so on can affect voice quality. This study aims to determine the relationship of risk factors with the incidence of dysphonia in elementary school teachers in Lhoknga District. This study conducted with observational analytic design and cross-sectional approach. The sample is 72 teachers that obtained by using consecutive sampling technique. The research instrument uses the VHI-30 questionnaires which has been adapted into Indonesian. The statistical test used in this study is the Chi Square test. The locations in this study were all public elementary schools in Lhoknga District, Aceh Besar. It was conducted from August 10 to August 14, 2021. Based on research conducted on 72 respondents using the VHI-30 questionnaire, respondents who experienced mild dysphonia were 44 teachers (61.1%), and respondents who experienced moderate dysphonia were 28 teachers (38.9%). The results of data analysis using the Chi Square statistical test showed that there was a significant relationship between risk factors and dysphonia. The associated risk factors were gender (p=0, 017), duration of teaching (p=0, 001), number of subjects taught (p=0, 006), and length of teaching (p=0, 012). The conclusion is that there is a relationship between sex risk factors, duration of teaching, number of subjects taught, and length of teaching with the incidence of dysphonia in public elementary school teachers in Lhoknga District.