Applications of metal nanoparticles in veterinary sciences

Nanoparticles (NPs) are generally less than 100 nm in size and originate either naturally or through human activities. According to their constituent elements, NPs exhibit unique and specific functions. In veterinary science, metallic NPs are considered revolutionary and an innovative tool that ushered in a new era in the transformation of drug and vaccine vehicles, diagnosis and treatment of infectious and degenerative diseases, improvement of the zootechnical aspects of animal breeding and reproduction, and innovations in the tools involved in safety monitoring of food products from animal origin. In this review, we focused on studies that highlighted the applications of metallic NPs in veterinary science, thereby providing the current holistic view on the scope and limitations of nanotechnology in different areas of veterinary science.