Introduction to Machine Learning

The aim of the present study is to understand various aspects of machine learning. The evolution of machine learning began in the 1950s with the 'Turing Test' formulated by Alan Turing, the aim of which was to determine if a computer has real intelligence and in order to pass the test a computer must be able to fool a human into believing it is also human. Machine learning is an application of Artificial Intelligence that enables systems to learn and improve from experience without being explicitly programmed. A systematic research was performed for articles and research papers pertinent to the topic of machine learning with the emphasis on its evolution from the 'Turing Test' to continuing successful applications in medicine, administration, automobiles, banking, personal finance, social networking, etc. The paper explores the applications, types, evolution, challenges, and future prospects of machine learning. In the present times, machine learning is becoming popular and is gaining applications in various fields such as healthcare, finance, retail, etc., for better practices.