HTRA1 and HTRA2 expression differentially modulate the clinical prognosis of cancer: a multi-omics analysis using bioinformatics approaches

Globally the most common cause of human death is cancer. But still, all information is unavailable to detect cancer in the early stage, and the relation of groups of the gene with cancer has to explore. HTRA serine proteases facilitate cellular homeostasis. Oncogenesis and response to treatment have been connected to their dysfunction in several typical human tissues. The present study aimed to assess the expression pattern of HTRA1 and HTRA2 in different cancers and evaluate the prognostic outcome in cancer. Various bioinformatics databases and methodologies are used in this study, including Oncomine, Kaplan-Meier plotter, OncoLnc, R2 platform, PrognoScan databases, GEPIA, cBioPortal, STRING, KEGG, and Reactome pathways analyses. The expression of HTRA1 and HTRA2 was analyzed, and different web-based bioinformatics platforms were used to determine their functional protein partners and correlated genes. Moreover, the cross-cancer interaction between HTRA1 and HTRA2 with mutations and CNAs was explored. GO and pathway analysis was used to assess the impact of these associated characteristics on certain cancers. In prognosis analysis, a positive correlation was found between HTRA1 overexpression and poor prognosis in pancreatic, kidney, colon, and rectum cancer. A significant positive relationship between HTRA2 overexpression and poor survival was found in pancreatic, skin, and colon cancer patients. We found that HTRA1 in individuals with pancreatic, kidney, and colon cancers might be targeted for cancer therapy, and HTRA2 could be used as a prognostic biomarker for skin, pancreatic, and colon cancers. Meantime, both genes might be possible targets for colon and pancreatic cancer.