Primary squamous cell carcinoma of kidney: A rare case report

Neoplasms of the kidney are most commonly adenocarcinomas. Carcinomas of the renal pelvis and ureter are rare, accounting for only 4% of all urothelial cancers. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of renal pelvis and ureter are very rare and account for 6-15% of all renal tumors of which transitional carcinomas constitute the majority followed by adenocarcinoma and SCC. Renal SCC (RSCC) is a rare malignancy of the upper urinary tract characteristically presenting with advanced stage, the reported incidence being 1.4% of all renal malignancies. Very few cases have been reported in the literature. Most patients have a history of chronic urolithiasis, renal infection or abuse of analgesics. This tumor is aggressive in nature and usually has a poor prognosis. We report two cases of RSCC one with characteristic history of chronic pyelonephritis and one without characteristic etiologic factors. These cases have been reported due to their extreme rarity and also highlight the silent presentation of these tumors and the need to keep