Peculiarities of Morphodensitometric Indices of Epitheliocytes of the Oral Cavity Mucous Membrane in Children with Latent Iron Deficiency and Mild Iodine Deficiency

The article represents the results of the study of the micronutrient deficiency effect (iron and iodine) on the morphometric and optical indices of the oral cavity mucous membrane (OCMM) in school children. In order to achieve this goal, 99 school children aged 6-18 years with adequate iodine and iron supply (control group), latent iron deficiency, and mild iodine deficiency were examined. The morphodensitometric study included the determination of the perimeter and area of cells and nuclei, the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio, the state of chromatin condensation of the epitheliocyte OCMM. The study material was: epitheliocytes of the buccal scraping. It was determined that the area of epitheliocytes in girls aged 6-11 has significantly increased in mild iodine deficiency and in latent iron deficiency. Instead, the decrease of nuclei area was more noticeable in boys of this age in mild iodine deficiency. During the analysis of the general level of chromatin condensation of epitheliocyte nuclei in children, a gender peculiarity has been proved, which was manifested by a greater sensitivity of girls to microelementosis (increase of the integrative optical density of nuclei in the latent iron deficiency at 97.9%, p1-3 < 0.05, and cell area at 45.8%, p1-4 < 0.01 relative to control). Among children aged 12-18 years,young men were more sensitive to the deficiency of the studied trace elements. Significant growth of the cell area at 38.7% (p1-2 < 0.05) in adolescents with mild iodine deficiency and total optical density of nuclei at 63.6% (p1-2 < 0.05) was substantiated with respect to control in the decrease of karyoplasmic area.