ASSESSMENT OF THE MALARIAGENIC SITUATION IN THE KIROVOGRAD REGION IN MODERN CONDITION

Malaria is a common infectious disease in the world caused by protozoa of the genus Plasmodium. In humans, 4 species of malarial plasmodia (P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. malaria and P. ovale) parasitize, of which P. falciparum and P. vivax are the most common and P. falciparum is the most dangerous. Plasmodium malaria in humans causes tropical, three-day, fourday and three-day (oval) types of malaria. The pathogen enters the human body through the bite of mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles, whose saliva may contain malaria plasmodia. Plasmodium falciparum infects human red blood cells (erythrocytes). According to the World Health Organization, in 2020 there were 241 million cases of malaria in the world, 627,000 people died of malaria. A disproportionately high proportion of malaria cases are reported in Africa. According to the World Health Organization, this region accounts for 95% of all cases worldwide and 96% of deaths, respectively. Among those affected in the African region, 80% of malaria deaths are among children under 5 years of age [1; 3].