POLYCYTHEMIAWITH HYDRONEPHROSIS:A RARE CASE

Secondary polycythaemia results from increased Erythropoietin production which acts on normal erythropoietic progenitors leading to erythrocytosis. This report is about a 64 years old hypertensive and anaemic male who presented with complaints of painful per rectal bleeding with dribbling micturition. On undergoing relevant investigations, he was found to be anaemic with low haemoglobin and haematocrit. Lateron, subsequent follow up visits he was incidentally detected to be polycythemic. On further investigations for the same, he got diagnosed with urinary bladder outlet obstruction, atonic bladder with ureteric narrowing and left hydronephrosis with elevated erythropoietin levels. On treatment, his Haemoglobin count, haematocrit and Erythropoietin levels came back to normal.Unexplained polycythaemia should be thoroughly investigated to rule out renal pathology.