Acute Histopathological Changes in Common carp (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1785) Gills: Pirimiphos-methyl, 2, 4 - Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acidand Propamocarb Hydrochloride Effects

A number of characteristics make fish excellent experimental models in toxicological research, especially for the contamination of aquatic systems. The main aim of the present study was to investigate the negative effects of different classes of pesticides (insecticide, herbicide and fungicide), based on their LC50 on the gills histological architecture of common carp (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758). The effects of the tested pesticides on fish gills were expressed with histopathological alterations, such as proliferative, degenerative and changes in the circulatory system. Based on our results, the test insecticide showed higher toxicity with more severe irreversible necrotic changes in common carp gills compared to the herbicide and fungicide exposure. Тhe identified histopathological changes in the fish gills can be successfully applied as reliable biomarkers for monitoring the degree of negative effects on the organisms due to the pesticide toxicity. The results from such experiments could be applied in the legislation in order to protect the water bodies from pesticide contamination, in areas with intensive application of plant protection products used in agricultural practices.