Therapeutic Potential of Diindolylmethane and Empagliflozin in DMBA-induced Breast Cancer: on Body Weight and Tumor Volume

Breast cancer remains a major global health concern, necessitating the exploration of novel therapeutic approaches. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Diindolylmethane (DIM) and Empagliflozin on body weight and tumor volume in a 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced breast cancer model. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into Five groups: Negative Control, Positive control, Standard treated, DIM + Empagliflozin lower doe(Treatment 1) and DIM + Empagliflozin higher dose (Treatment 2). The animals were monitored for changes in body weight, and tumor volume was measured using callipers. Our findings revealed that both DIM and Empagliflozin treatment significantly attenuated body weight gain compared to the Positive control group. Moreover, DIM and Empagliflozin exhibited substantial inhibitory effects on tumor volume. These results suggest that DIM and Empagliflozin may have potential therapeutic benefits in the management of breast cancer. DIM's anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic properties, along with Empagliflozin's ability to modulate glucose metabolism, likely contribute to their observed effects on tumor growth. The synergistic effect of the combination treatment indicates a promising strategy for enhancing therapeutic efficacy. This study provides valuable insights into the potential use of DIM and Empagliflozin as adjunctive treatments for breast cancer. Further investigations are warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of these agents. These findings contribute to the development of targeted therapeutic approaches and support the exploration of DIM and Empagliflozin in future clinical trials for breast cancer management.