A Critical Appraisal of Theory and Methodology of Irrigation Systems in the Chemical Debridement of the Root Canal System

Irrigation of the endodontic space is one of the most important steps in the chemical-mechanical treatment of the root canal. Since endodontic infections have been shown to be a result of the microbial factor, debris, bacterial biofilm, planktonic bacteria and pulp tissue removal by means of irrigation has gained significant emphasis over the past half century. No sector of endodontics has undergone so much change and raised so much interest, resulting in thousands of studies, as the irrigation of the endodontic space. Studies do not continue to flow, theories do not cease to be formulated, hypotheses do not cease to be launched, new and new techniques and devices are launched on the market in order to optimize this process both in time and effect. The present study aimed to review the most popular methods, not all, along with the most used irrigants, not all of them.