Horsetail Assisted Green Synthesis of Fe3O4@SiO2-Pd: A Reusable and Highly Efficient Magnetically Separable Catalyst for Suzuki Coupling Reactions

Fe3O4@SiO2-Pd nanocatalyst was successfully synthesized from Horsetail plant (Equisetum arvense) that provides biosilica. The synthesized Fe3O4@SiO2-Pd nanocatalyst was characterized by Fourier transform infrared, XRD, SEM, EDAX, and VSM measurements. In the Suzuki coupling process, the Fe3O4@SiO2-Pd nanocatalyst's effectiveness as a catalyst was also examined. The products were characterized by NMR. The main advantage of this method is small reaction time, high percentage yield, use of natural materials, low catalyst loading, simple experimental procedure, easy work, and cleaner. This catalyst was highly recyclable and was recovered in a facile manner by employing an external magnet and reusing it several times.