Academic entrepreneurship in the University community: world and Russian experience

In modern conditions, the system of higher education is undergoing changes at the national and global levels. The development of innovative areas of economics has led to the fact that higher academic institutions (universities) are now not only preparing specialists for the modern needs of the economy and society, but also becoming centers for innovative research and development. The integration of universities with representatives of the business community is increasing to simplify the process of commercialisation of university innovative developments. The study object was the higher school sector. The study subject was the entrepreneurial activity of universities in Russia and foreign countries. The study purpose was to consider the features of the implementation of the system of academic entrepreneurship in the Russian Federation and in foreign countries and to determine the trends of its development. During the study, the author applied general scientific methods, including comparison, generalisation, comparison, abstraction, deduction and induction. To achieve the purpose and solve the tasks set, regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, research materials of Russian and foreign specialists in university environment development were used. The author systematised approaches to the definition of the phenomenon of academic entrepreneurship and analysed the features of academic entrepreneurship in leading and regional Russian universities, as well as in foreign countries, at the level of desk studies.