Power flow and harmonics analysis of wind turbine integration into distribution networks

The rapid growth of wind energy capacity worldwide presents significant operational and control challenges for the reliable and stable operation of power networks. Key issues include the variability of generation, power quality concerns such as frequency and voltage stability, and harmonics, which hinder broader wind energy integration. This study investigated the effects of integrating wind turbine systems on power grid stability. Using electrical transient analyzer program (ETAP) software, both steady-state and transient conditions were evaluated through load flow and dynamic analysis. Load flow analysis assessed system performance under various statistical scenarios, while dynamic analysis involved inducing a three-phase short circuit at critical network nodes to observe power flow dynamics and harmonic effects. Results indicate that, prior to wind turbine integration, voltage drops from nominal levels occur. Post-integration, wind turbines contribute to higher voltage values at each bus. Simulations before and after integration show that total harmonic distortion (THD) voltage and current at each bus remain within institute of electrical and electronics engineers (IEEE) 519-2022 limits. These findings highlight the potential benefits of wind turbine integration for enhancing voltage stability without compromising power quality.